Website Design Liskeard

Just thought i better document my bibliography incase i need the books in the future.

:: Ades, D., Cox, N. & Hopkins, D. (1999), Marcel Duchamp, Thames and Hudson, London.
:: Godfrey, T. (1998), Conceptual Art, Phaidon Press Limited, London.
:: Paul, C. (2003), Digital Art, Thames and Hudson, London.
:: Stallabrass, J. (2003), Internet Art , Tate Publishing, London.
:: Wood, P. (2002), Movements in Modern Art - Conceptual Art, Tate Publishing, London.

The Readymade Generator – Alan Bourne – 273616 – iDAT203 – Conceptual Art

The beginning
Initially this project started life tackling the idea of concepts and the methods and approaches with which we come up with concepts. The direction in which I approached this idea was by developing ideas and prototypes to understand how we create concepts, and more importantly what is a good concept? To try to answer this problem I set myself the challenge of designing a concept generator. This would hopefully benefit me and help tackle the question to provide a concept for me to work with. After only 2 weeks developing the generator my ideas and concept shifted.

The concept generator has evolved into the Readymade Generator which is presented to you today. It can be argued that the concept generator did the job exactly as that it was designed for. From the initial concept generator prototype the readymade generator was born.

Concept
My concept is now clear and it challenges the use of online sources to create user generated readymade art. If a readymade is “an object manufactured for some other purpose, presented by an artist as a work of art” (Readymades no date) why can’t that object be from an online source?
The main idea and workings behind the Readymade Generator is to claim objects from the internet (such as images or text) and then allow an artist to rearrange the design and layout, giving the objects new meaning.

The images produced by the Readymade Generator in collaboration with the user or ‘Artist’ raise the same point as Marcel Duchamp did with his Readymades. The generated images can “be seen as a sort of irony to defining art itself, because the images say here it is, a thing that I call art, I didn’t even make it myself” (Ades et al.1999; 151).

The produced work is determined by the artist, he or she must set down the rules of the content by specifying the keywords on which the system performs its searches.

When all of the objects have been loaded into the system the user must then decide which objects should be included in the final piece. Image and text choices have to be made and layout and position of the objects are also factors that the artist must also decide. These are the processes any artist must make whether the work is of a digital or physical nature.

The artist then has the choice or deciding to include their work in the online gallery, or to discard the work entirely. The images in the gallery have been previously uploaded by other artists, these artworks and images produced from the Readymade generator are products of the artist.

By including an online art work gallery artists can submit their work, this is included for a reason. Like many artists not all of their work is displayed in galleries, some artists work gets left behind, forgotten about or the artist is just not happy with the work. By allowing users to upload their work they are saying that the work is complete, finished or done with. This is also true for the inclusion of an artist signature which the artist must make the choice to sign the work.

The images may seem meaningless and of an unaesthetic nature, however this is the exact point that the project is trying to create. The produced images are designed to take the meaning of the existing images and text out of context, to give them a new meaning.

Technical implementation
The system has been created in Adobe Flash making it accessible to all users who have the internet or access to a PC/Mac. By using a number of current technologies the system semantically pulls information from the web depending on user keyword searches. The information and data is displayed using Actionscript 2 scripting making the system dynamic and ever changing, this also allows user interaction with the retrieved objects, which in turn results in some freedom of expression for the individual artist and creates difference in the resulting piece. PHP coding is also used to obtain website html code which is later used in the application for data filtering and dynamic display. The scripts website location is determined by the system rules and user keywords. This information then builds a URL for the PHP code to rip.

Currently the system uses three online sources for its content. Google was decided on early in the project development stage as research showed that its image results are one of the best, this also provides advanced image search results which are retrieved and dynamically loaded. By using Google image search the system is able to claim resources from the entire web. Based on keyword search relevancy, images are pulled from Google and displayed in a random fashion. Their layer hierarchy when stacked, is based on there position in Google’s search page, so the more relevant images appear much clearer. As Google rescans content on a regular basis the position of the images will change, this also allows for expansion of the project as new images appear online and are scanned by Google, they too can be included.

English Wikipedia pages have also been integrated as part of the search, if the precise words are entered correctly; content from Wikipedia is loaded into the title area and the scrollable text box area. The reason Wikipedia was used for this content is its Web 2 properties, the content is ever changing and this allows expansion for the project, as the site develops more and more information will be retrieved. Questions have been raised regarding Web 2 and its validity of information but for the purpose of this project the meaning of the text is irrelevant the content is what counts.

Finally the last resource that has been included is Artistquotes.net, this has been implemented to include famous artist quotes, this is highly dependant on keyword searches but returns a number of relevant results when the correct names are used.

Evaluation
I believe that the system I have created backs up all of the research and theory behind the concept and design. As discussed earlier it has been designed with the idea of expansion in mind, by using the ever-growing online sources the possibilities are infinite. At present the system is still very limited as Artists Quotes and Wikipedia results require accurate user input but due to the time constraints this is something that had to be over looked slightly. In the future I see the system implementing voice recognition, this could also be linked up to music to generate the readymade artwork.

Bibliography
Ades, D., Cox, N. & Hopkins, D. (1999), Marcel Duchamp, Thames and Hudson, London. Godfrey, T. (1998), Conceptual Art, Phaidon Press Limited, London. Paul, C. (2003), Digital Art, Thames and Hudson, London. Stallabrass, J. (2003), Internet Art , Tate Publishing, London. Wood, P. (2002), Movements in Modern Art - Conceptual Art, Tate Publishing, London.

Webography
Readymades (no date) [online] Available: http://www.artlex.com/ArtLex/r/readymade.html [date accessed: 08 April 2007]

The latest version of the Readymade Generator is up and running and availiable online at http://alan.sinrize.com. If anyone would like to contribute to the gallery please feel free to add any screen shots that you take when using the system.

I was looking into some more artist who use the internet as a medium. Heath Bunting plays with internet structure, his wesite (listed below) contains a page called _readme.html this consists of an extract from the magazine “Wired” about the artist himself.
The purpose of the piece is to challenge the notions that as a suser of the web we are constantly faced with pages with the odd link here or there linking to certain important keywords, this does the reverse. It hyperlinks everything that seems not to be important, these links for example might be on the text “does” this then links to www.does.com.

http://www.irational.org/heath/_readme.html

After reading many chapters from “Internet Art - The online clash of culture and commerce” by Julian Stallabrass i found many examples, but these cease to exist online anymore.

Some named artists that i was able to research from this included the following:

• Heath Bunting
• Alexei Shulgin
• Maciej Wisniewski
• Ola Pehrson
• and more

The project has really come on since last week, all of the tweaking parts have been done to make the system reliable and completed. I have now updated the user uploads section with a new layout to keep in style with the readymade generator.

Image gallery template now complete: 

The flash file now includes 2 tutorial help sections for new users to help them understand what each section does, and how to make the most out of the search box.

One section is an illustrative part where each section is described in full, detailing each component (See below).

The other section contains 2 videos, one showing users how to perofm a search, the other detailing how to upload files to the online gallery.

I have finally come to a solution for displaying user readymade images. Using a flash file uploader and a php image gallery, users can now submit their readymade art works online. This is now linked in to the project and as you can see users have begun to start adding content.

The gallery displays the most recent art work first and displays the image name as the alt tag.

By using the flash uploader it allows the user to browse for files, upload and see the progress of the upload in %. Once their upload has been completed they will then be taken to the gallery page where their latest submission.

When the user clicks on an uploaded piece of art they will be taken to a larger view, this informs them when it was uploaded and shows the image in full size view.

Readymade Generator
Automated Art Systems
Project R.I.A (Readymade internet art)

I think the name for the project will probably  end up being ”Readymade Generator” as this is what the system is. A piece of generative software which creates readymade art works.

Things starting to take shape

So finally the project is really starting to take shape.
The splash screen is where the user enters his/her search words, concepts and artists.

This now includes:
- Google image ripping
- Wikipedia content ripping
- Artquotes quote ripping

User interface
- 2x search fields
- Submit button
- Clear button
- Example search terms

The results page how has a fully functional user interface in which the user can select to show/hide images, group/ungroup images, show/hide text, search again, return to the main menu. This menu is partially hidden when not in use. This reduces the mediation of the created image as I wanted to keep the surrounding navigation to a bare minimum.

When the user enters his/her mouse into the top area the menu slides down allowing the user to make changes to the image created. This is an example of an image after grouping of the floating images has occurred.

This is done by layering the images on top of each other and applying an alpha transparency. This I plan to make dependant on the keywords results. If the image contains traces of the key word the alpha will be stronger. The image below is an example of the information retrieved from the keywords entered. After entering Conceptual Art and Duchamp you can see the Large Keyword displayed is in large green case.
The explanation for this word or phrase is pulled from wikipedia in the white text box area.

The words/image names displayed in orange have hyperlinked properties to them, linking the user with the location of the found image. The chunk of green text is a narrative created from the image names.

15 Hiding Places 
An interactive flash site which takes images from public-domain databases which is found through keyword searches on “science”, “museum”, and “specimen” the images are then compiled with fragmented phrases.

http://rhizome.org/artbase/45583/index.html
Valise in an iPod (ceci n’est pas une iPod)
”Valise in an iPod follows after Duchamp’s Readymade mini-museum, “Box in Valise” ( 1935-41 ). Valise in an iPod plays with the tension between the mass object and the reproducibility of the digital object, the promotional nature of consumer branding and the identity of the personal deice, as well as many other issues.”
http://www.voyd.com/voyd/ipod.htm
SCR
“Src is a blog of images: images are shown as mosaics of details, each then visible in entire. The blog is divided in two parts : “Public” where anyone can post an image and “Private” only modified by RD”
http://www.incident.net/works/src/
Weather Gauge
In Weather Gauge, numerical weather data from over 150 countries is simultaneously represented online forming an array of animated data referencing a huge global spread of live information. Each piece of weather data rotates between centigrade, Fahrenheit, local-time and city of origin, so when presented in this way, the whole field of information rhythmically evolves, offering viewers an unusual extended sense of context beyond the physical location of the work. 
http://www.weathergauge.net/
Chrissyland Inc.
Uses images from online and puts her self in them.
http://www.chrissyland.com